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Fin de l’ère communiste, vers un Etat indépendant

On 17th November 1989, the 50th anniversary of the closure of the Czech universities by the Nazis, communist police brutally interrupted the students’ commemorative procession in Prague.

The events, later called the "Velvet Revolution", were followed by the whole of Czechoslovakia. 10th December 1989 may be called a day of upheaval. On that day the last Communist president appointed a non communist government. The following day, he resigned. The Government voted for a policy of legal continuity and of value discontinuity between the new and old regimes.

Parliament abolished the legal enactments that were contrary to human rights. The Act of 13th December 1989 abolished the anti Church enactments of the Penal Code.

In January 1990 the legal provision allowing State interference in the appointment of clergy, preachers and all Churches’ employees was abolished.

The Charter of Fundamental Rights and Liberties, passed by the Parliament of the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic (CSFR) on 9th January 1991, confirmed this principle. On its foundations was built the Federal Act No. 308/1991 dealing with the freedom of religion and the status of Churches and religious societies. The time of its validity in the Czech territory (1991-2002) may be considered as the foremost period of religious freedom in history.

The legal order of the Czech Republic, founded on 1st January 1993 as an independent State, has incorporated the principles of the state ecclesiastical law of the CSFR.

D 12 octobre 2012    AZáboj Horák

CNRS Unistra Dres Gsrl

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